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Four Major and Minor dhams - Path to liberation
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pair
Hari (Vishnu) and Hara (Shiva) are called eternal friends in the Puranas. It is said wherever Vishnu resides; Shiva resides nearby. The Char Dham follows this rule. So Kedarnath is considered as the pair of Badrinath, Rama Setu is regarded as the pair of Rameswaram, Somnath is considered as the pair of Dwaraka, and Lingaraja is regarded as the pair of Jagannatha Puri. However, according to some traditions, the Char Dham are Badrinath, Ranganatha-Swami, Dwaraka, and Jagannatha-Puri, all of which are Vaishnava sites, and their associated places are Kedarnath, Rameswaram, Somnath and Lingaraja Temple, Bhubaneswar (or maybe Gupteshwar) respectively.
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Defined by Adi Shankaracharya
Char Dham defined by Adi Shankaracharya consists of two Vaishnavite, one Shaivite, and one mixed site. Over the years, the term "Char Dham" has lent itself to the all-denomination Char Dham pilgrimages in the Garhwal Himalayas, where Adi Shankaracharya attained freedom from embodiment. Earlier known as Chota Char Dham or 'Little' Char Dham to differentiate them from the bigger circuit of Char Dham sites
Adi Sankaracharya, in his visit to four Corner places established four Mathas named as:
1. Jyotir Matha at Badrinath in the North India was assigned the task of maintaining and preserving for posterity of Atharv Veda.
2. Sharada Matha at Dwaraka in Western India was assigned the task of maintaining and preserving for posterity of Sam Veda.
3. Govardhan Matha at Puri in the East India was assigned the task of maintaining and preserving for posterity of Rig Veda.
4. Sringeri Matha at Sringeri hills in the South India was assigned the task of maintaining and preserving for posterity of Yadur Veda.
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Badrinath became prominent when Nara-Narayana, an avatar of Vishnu, did Tapasya there. At that time that place was filled with berry trees. In the Sanskrit language, berries are called "badari", so the place was named Badarika-Vana, that is, the forest of berries. The particular spot where the Nara-Narayana did Tapasya, a large berry tree formed covering him to save him from the rain and the sun. Local people believe that Lakshmi became the berry tree to save Narayana. Post-Tapasya, Narayana said, people will always take her name before his name, hence Hindus refer "Lakshmi-Narayana". It was therefore called Badri-Nath, that is, the Lord of Berry forest. This all happened in the Satya Yuga. So Badrinath came to be known as the first Dhama. The temple is located on the banks of the Alaknanda River in the Chamoli district of Uttrakhand.
The second place, Rameswaram, got its importance in the Treta Yuga when Rama built a Shiva-Lingam here and worshipped it to get the blessings of Shiva. The name Rameswaram means "God of Rama". It is believed that Rama's footprints are imprinted there.[6]
The third, Dwaraka, got its importance in the Dvapara Yuga when Krishna made Dwaraka his residence instead of Mathura, his birthplace.[7]
At the fourth, Puri, Vishnu is worshipped as Jagannatha, his avatara for the current epoch i.e Kali Yuga.
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